Category: Python

Welcome to my collection of python tutorials and examples.  I actively monitor comments on all articles.  If you have a question or get stuck, leave a comment on the page!

Python is a popular programming language.  In fact, it is the fastest growing language according to stackoverflow.   Python is a versatile language with a large ecosystem of modules available on PyPI .  Environments of all types use it, from Scientific Computer to Embedded IoT Devices.

Many web applications are built on Django and Flask, two popular python web frameworks.  Linux distributions use python for system internal scripts.  Further, Python is now treated as a first class citizen at Microsoft.  In fact, they employee 4 python core developers.

Here are some more python sites you might find useful.
python.org, PyPI, python 3.7 docs, Python for Beginners, Wikipedia

Scapy DHCP listener in Python

Scapy DHCP listener in Python

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This script listens for DHCP Request and Discover packets on the LAN using scapy.

A little background on the DHCP protocol

Hosts issue a DHCP Discover packet to destination 255.255.255.255 to request an IP Address assignment from a DHCP server. DHCP Discover, Request, Offer, Ack and Inform packets are sent as broadcasts, all hosts on the LAN receive these packets. Because of the nature of the protocol, no special port mirroring or tapping is required on the host that runs this script.

This script is the foundation for creating a passive network discovery tool. We can collect and store the Mac Address, Hostname, and IP Address all hosts configured for DHCP IP address assignment.

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Scapy ARP listener in Python

Scapy ARP listener in Python

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This script listens for ARP request packets using scapy to learn the IP and Mac Address of LAN hosts.

A little background on the ARP protocol

ARP is the protocol that hosts use to discover the mac address of another LAN host. The initiating host asks “Who Has <IP Address>”, this request is transmitted as a broadcast ethernet packet to destination 00:00:00:00:00:00. Since the ARP request is sent as a broadcast, all hosts on the LAN receive and process this packet. Because of the nature of the protocol, no special port mirroring or tapping is required on the host that runs this script.

The host that has <IP Address> will reply back directly to the requester so we will not see that ARP reply packet unless our machine sent the initial ARP request.

This script is the foundation for creating a passive network discovery tool. We can collect and store the MAC Address, IP Address pairs for all hosts we hear communicating on the network.

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mikrotik tutorial: routeros napalm python
MikroTik RouterOS Automation with NAPALM

MikroTik RouterOS Automation with NAPALM

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In this tutorial, we will explore using the NAPALM python module to query data from a MikroTik Router.

Before we begin, you are expected to have python3 and pip installed as well as access to a MikroTik router running RouterOS. NAPALM will attempt to connect to the router on the default API port of 8728. You will need to enable the API service which is found in IP | Services using winbox

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Howto use pipenv pipfile
How to use pipenv in your python project

How to use pipenv in your python project

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“goodbye requirements.txt, hello Pipfile”

In this article, I will introduce you to pipenv and show you how easy it is to use. pipenv removes the awkwardness of working with virtual environments and module dependencies. Once you spend 15 minutes with pipenv, you will realize the clarity and time savings it will bring to your python project.

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